Question #1: The assumptions that you have to make about the inheritance of alleles is that, a recessive allele would have two pairs that are identical, while a dominant would have pairs that are different. Using the test-cross would make it easier to determine the genotype and the phenotype of a dominant and recessive allele.
Question #2: I would determine the genotype of an agouti cat if both of the alleles are dominant or capital A's.
Question #6: No, beacause since both of the alleles are dominant, it is unlikely that only one gene determines the degree of spottings. Also, because there are two alleles that are the same the progeny might not be white because they might get part of an allele from each parent, where they get different fur color. Lastely, spottings are completly random on white cats.
Tuesday, February 7, 2012
Sunday, January 29, 2012
Web quest
1. The Human Genome Project scientist were trying to identify all the approximated genes in the human DNA, determine the sequence of the 3biilion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA, store the information in databases, and improve tools for data analysis. They were also trying to transfer related technologies to the private sector, and adress the ethical legal, and social issues that may arise from the project. Now that the project is finished, the federal governement's will license technologies to private companies and award grants for innovative research, the project catalyzed the multibillion- dollar U.S. biotechnology industry and fostered the development of new medical applications.
The potential benefits to science, medicine, and human life is by, including the development of diverse n ew products, processes, and test methods that will open the door to a cleaner environment. Also, some current and potential applications of genome research include molecular medicine, energy sources and environmental applications, risk assessment, evolution, and human migration, DNA forensics identification, agriculture, and livestock breeding.
The goals and scientific approaches of the publicly funded universities working on the project, differs from privately-funded research companies that are also involved because, the publicly funded universities are limited to what they are able to do on the matter of the project. While the private- funded research companies, are the ones who do most of the research and actions on the project. Also, since they are private most of the information goes to research companies.
sources: www.ornl.gov/hgmis/home.shtml
www.genome.gov/10001772
http://www.publishyourarticles.org/
2. Making your personal DNA information publicly available can be harmful to you because, since the public knows your DNA information sample from a DNA that was at crime scene can be compared to yours. If you are unlucky it could be read wrongly by the person who is doing the lab work. Also, once DNA is found from a suspect at the scene of a crime, and it is your DNA the police might automatically assume that you are the culprit.
sources: www.criminaldefenseassociates.com/index.php/.../dna_evidence
www.ornl.gov/hgmis/elsi/forensics.shtml
www.nap.edu/books/0309053951/html/47.html
3. Two of the sex-linked genes that I found interesting are homophilia and color blindness. The authors didn't specifically suggest that the individual who carries those genes do anything. But I could tell from the readings that if the individual wants to avoid having children that can inherit them, they should not mate with people who has the gene in them. Especially if the person avoiding the inheritance has those linked genes in them.
sources: http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/
anthro.palomar.edu/biobasis/bio_4.htm.
The potential benefits to science, medicine, and human life is by, including the development of diverse n ew products, processes, and test methods that will open the door to a cleaner environment. Also, some current and potential applications of genome research include molecular medicine, energy sources and environmental applications, risk assessment, evolution, and human migration, DNA forensics identification, agriculture, and livestock breeding.
The goals and scientific approaches of the publicly funded universities working on the project, differs from privately-funded research companies that are also involved because, the publicly funded universities are limited to what they are able to do on the matter of the project. While the private- funded research companies, are the ones who do most of the research and actions on the project. Also, since they are private most of the information goes to research companies.
sources: www.ornl.gov/hgmis/home.shtml
www.genome.gov/10001772
http://www.publishyourarticles.org/
2. Making your personal DNA information publicly available can be harmful to you because, since the public knows your DNA information sample from a DNA that was at crime scene can be compared to yours. If you are unlucky it could be read wrongly by the person who is doing the lab work. Also, once DNA is found from a suspect at the scene of a crime, and it is your DNA the police might automatically assume that you are the culprit.
sources: www.criminaldefenseassociates.com/index.php/.../dna_evidence
www.ornl.gov/hgmis/elsi/forensics.shtml
www.nap.edu/books/0309053951/html/47.html
3. Two of the sex-linked genes that I found interesting are homophilia and color blindness. The authors didn't specifically suggest that the individual who carries those genes do anything. But I could tell from the readings that if the individual wants to avoid having children that can inherit them, they should not mate with people who has the gene in them. Especially if the person avoiding the inheritance has those linked genes in them.
sources: http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/
anthro.palomar.edu/biobasis/bio_4.htm.
Wednesday, December 7, 2011
Osmosis questions
1. Osmosis isthe net movement of water across a selective permeablemembrane, also known as a type of passive transport.
2. Diffusion is the net movement of the particles of a substance from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated.
3. The difference between the twois, that diffusion doesn't move across selectively permeable membranes unlike osmosis. Instead it moves from the place it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated.
4. Energy is used in the process of diffusion.
5. Concentration gradient is the function of distance through a solution. For example a few drops of food dye in a glassof water that diffuses along the concentration gradient, from where the dye exists in its highest concentration to where it occurs in its lowest concentration.
6. Solute and solvent both fit in learning about osmosis and diffusion because they both dissolve and so do osmosis and diffusion.
7. Water is not always a solvent because, if it is dissolved or melted it can not present in a greater amount, unless it is frozen.
2. Diffusion is the net movement of the particles of a substance from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated.
3. The difference between the twois, that diffusion doesn't move across selectively permeable membranes unlike osmosis. Instead it moves from the place it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated.
4. Energy is used in the process of diffusion.
5. Concentration gradient is the function of distance through a solution. For example a few drops of food dye in a glassof water that diffuses along the concentration gradient, from where the dye exists in its highest concentration to where it occurs in its lowest concentration.
6. Solute and solvent both fit in learning about osmosis and diffusion because they both dissolve and so do osmosis and diffusion.
7. Water is not always a solvent because, if it is dissolved or melted it can not present in a greater amount, unless it is frozen.
osmosis
The first website where I got my information about osmosis is, (http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmebmb/osmosis.html). There I learned that osmosis is net movement of water across a selective permeable membrane or a passive transport. I also learned in there that Selective pemeable membrane is one that allows unrestricted passage of water, but not solute molecules or ions. My second web search was (http://www.purchon.com/biology/osmosis.htm). In this web I learned that the second type of permeable is semi- permeable and that it allows some things to pass through them but prevent other things from passing through. The last website was (http://alienryderflex.com/osmosis/). There I learned that the flow of water through the membrane into the right side of a tank is called osmosis.
Friday, November 18, 2011
Kingdoms
Today,I learned that there are four types of kingdoms and they are Archae-Bacteria, Eubacteria, Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista. Each of these kingdoms have their own cell structure or shape. there are more eukaryotic kingdoms than prokariotic.There are two modes of nutrition, they are autotrophs and heterotroph. I learned that an Archae bacteria doesn't have a nucleus, but it has only a cell.
Monday, November 14, 2011
Cells
From the webquest we did in class,I learned that cells are smallbuilding blocks of all living organisms. Unicellular means that you have only a single cell, while Multicellular means you have many cells.There are two types of cells and they are Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic. Every living thing has cells, including animals and plants. plants and animal cells have many different cell parts, and for each the commander of the cell is the nucleus.
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